Cases - 1

Elessic has 5 Cases: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative 1, and Dative 2; which will be explained here. Excluding the Nominative, cases are "marked" in some way (that is, there is some feature that indicates the case). Different cases require different marking.

Note: Possessive Pronouns and Articles always reflect their Noun's Case, even if the Case is indicated elsewhere.

Nominative

Nominative is the default Case, and has no markings.

Accusative

The Accusative Case indicates the Direct Object of a Transitive Verb, and can be marked by Syntax (second or third position, depending on S-O-V or S-V-O syntax). If non-marking Syntax is used (Object-First Syntax), then the Noun requires either an Accusative Possessive Pronoun, or an Accusative Article.

Genitive

The Genitive Case indicates either possession, or attribution between two nouns (as in English formations using -'s or the Preposition "of"). It is marked either by the use of a Genitive Article, or the Genitive Suffix -(s)i (Suffixes with parentheses indicate that the parenthetical sound can be left off, this is mostly in the case of consonants used to buffer the following vowel when attaching to vowel-final words). 

Syntax affects the meaning of the phrase. Take the example phrases "X Y" and "Y X," where in both examples X is marked as Genitive. With the Syntax "X Y," the meaning is "X's Y," and with the Syntax "Y X" (again, the X is Genitive), the meaning is "Y of X." In both cases, the non-Genitive word is subordinate to the Genitive, but the nuance is different.

Dative 1

Dative 1 is a Case which indicates the destination of a Verb's action, where the action takes place, or marks the Object of a Preposition. It is marked either by the use of a Dative 1 Possessive Pronoun, Article, Syntax (being located directly behind the Preposition), or the Suffix -t. If the Dative 1 Noun is not the Object of a Preposition, and the Verb indicates movement, then the Dative 1 Noun indicates the destination of the action. If there is no movement implied, then it indicates the location of the action.

Dative 2

Dative 2 is a Case which indicates the direction of the Verb's action. It is marked in the same manner as the Dative 1 (Possessive Pronoun, Article, Syntax, or Suffix). The Dative 2 Suffix is -st.