Wednesday, March 22, 2017

Adjectives - 1

(some details are still up in the air, but this is what I'm going with right now)

Finally, the much-talked about Adjectives that I've been avoiding because it's complicated.

Elessic Adjectives (like many things in the language) are more specific than in English. Elessic has three categories of Adjectives: Trait Adjectives, Relational Adjectives, and Descriptors.


Trait Adjectives

Trait Adjectives describe a Trait possessed by the Noun, such as its height, density, or even altitude. These are formed by combining an Abstract Noun with a "Trait Possession" Suffix. These Abstract Nouns are the kind of things you would think of in English as Nouns formed out of Adjectives, like "heaviness" and "hardness." You know, the kinds of Nouns that only really serve as a way of speaking about Adjectives as Nouns. In Elessic, rather than these defaulting to Adjectives and then being used as Nouns, they begin their lives as Adjectives.


Trait Possession Suffixes

In English, we say "Hard" and we say "Soft," even though these two words describe the same thing, i.e. how hard something is. We also tend to use such things as the "positive" of something by default. That is, you say "How tall are they?" when "tall" automatically implies above average height.

In Elessic, when you want to describe something's height, you use the word hi ("height"), and then pick a suffix that indicates how much or little of the attribute the Noun has.

-la - indicates middling or average possession of a trait. (hila = "average height")

-mi - indicates above average possession of a trait. (himi = "tall")
-da - indicates far above average possession of a trait. (hida = "very tall")
-mu - indicates excessive possession of a trait. (himu = "too tall")

-ti - indicates below average possession of a trait. (hiti = "short") 
-fa - indicates far below average possession of a trait (hifa = "very short")
-tu - indicates insufficient possession of a trait (hitu = "too short")

Therefore, you can say say dadal sa hida, "that person is very tall." Or, if a little kid wanted to ride a roller coaster, one might say nai, vo sa hitu, "no, you're too short" (or, nai, avu sa hitu if you wanted to soften the blow). Other Trait Nouns include ser ("lightness/darkness of color"), bai (weight), mɪl (age), and such.

Trait Nouns also can take Comparative Suffixes and Superlative Suffixes.

-on - indicates "more" (like "-er")
-oþ - indicates "most" (like "-est")

-in - indicates "less" (English doesn't have a suffix that is the opposite of "-er")
-iþ - indicates "least" (like the opposite of "-est")


Relational Adjectives

These, I'll get into more at a later time, but for now I'll describe them as "Adjectives formed from Concrete Nouns." Take the phrase "Dog Collar." "Dog" is a Noun, but in English, we just slap it down in front of "Collar" and it becomes an Adjective. In Elessic, syntax doesn't change a word's Class, so you have to use a Suffix. These "Relational Suffixes" indicate how the Noun they modify is related to the Noun the newly-made Adjective modifies. So when saying "Dog Collar" you'd take the word for "Dog," add the suffix that indicates that the Adjective shows who/what uses the Noun, and then put "Collar" after it. So it would be "Dog-[user suffix] Collar."


Descriptors

Descriptors are a small class of adjectives which hold so much meaning, that they need no Suffixes to modify them (or else they are niche Adjectives which don't need Suffixes to indicate their degrees of intensity). A few examples are elæd ("old and abandoned, out of use"), ku ("dark-haired"), ket ("correct"), and nar ("incorrect").
These can take Trait Possession Suffixes in some cases, but don't have to.

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